New Listings
Hot Listings
Top Rated
Editor Pick
Add a Listing
Upgrade a Listing
Update a Listing
Get Rated
Suggest a Category
Contact
HOME
REGISTER
MY ACCOUNT
POWER SEARCH
ADD A LISTING
UPDATE A LISTING
+ Main Category
Biology
:
18066
Agriculture
:
7684
Horticulture
:
3982
Forestry
:
843
Geography
:
5126
Environment
:
5562
Research
:
2212
Society
:
445
+ Tell a Friend
Fill out the information below to email a friend a brief note about 'TropHort: Biology, Agriculture and Horticulture'
Your Name:
Your Email:
Friend's Name:
Friend's Email:
+ Top 10
Pomology: Fruit Cultivation and Production
Olericulture: Vegetable Cultivation and Production
BambooWeb - Bamboo Information and Photos
Agriculture Industry Today - News Media Monitoring
Pigments in beetroot roots.
Beetroot Investigation.
Public Health Entomology
Mendelian Genetics
Life and Earth Sciences Social Network
International Network for Bamboo and Rattan (INBAR)
+ Directory Statistics
Links:
41700
Categories:
7193
Registered Users:
550
Mailing List Subscribers:
104
+ Pagerank Statistics
PR 9
6
site(s)
PR 8
101
site(s)
PR 7
700
site(s)
PR 6
2140
site(s)
PR 5
3728
site(s)
PR 4
5512
site(s)
PR 3
4447
site(s)
PR 2
1913
site(s)
PR 1
557
site(s)
+ Join Mailing List
Joining mailing list will entitle you to receive occasional emails informing you of news and updates to the site and any special offers that may be of interest to you.
Subscribe
Unsubscribe
Research > Chapter 6046
Bookmarks
Origin of leukemic relapse after bone marrow transplantation detected by restriction fragment length polymorphism
Origin life theory origin adapter mediated ordered synthesis proteins clarification choice terminating codons genetic code
Origin life oceanic genesis panspermia darwins warm small pond
Origin life proceedings international society study origins life meeting international conference origin life meeting
Origin life proposed mechanisms primeval poly nucleotide peptide chain synthesis
Origin limestone buttes gypsum plain culberson province texas
Origin limestone marl alternations upper maastrichtian zumaya spain
Origin lympho blasts null cell leukemia medical findings cell role pre cell leukemia
Origin lysozyme amniotic fluid
Origin macrophage telencephalic wall rat fetus observation based methylazoxy methanol radiation stimulated lesions
Origin of macrophages in traumatic lesions and wallerian degeneration in peripheral nerves
Origin of maize the tripartite hypothesis
Origin male gametes choanocytes spongia officinalis porifera demospongiae
Origin of males in melipona subnitida estimated from data of an isozymic polymorphic system
Origin of malondialdehyde from dna degraded by iron ii bleomycin
Origin of mammalian biliprotein and rearrangement of bilirubin glucuronides in vivo in the rat
Origin mammalian thalamocortical projections i. telencephalic projections medial geniculate body opossum didelphis virginiana
Origin marker chromosomes continuous human cell lines
Origin medium exudate influence cell surface acanthamoeba culture/
Origin melanosome formation cytochemical localizations tyrosinase activity differentiating epidermal melanocytes born mouse skin
Origin membranes toxoplasma
Origin mesenchymal tissue septum primum structural ultrastructural study
Origin metabolic energy systems fusion light matter
Origin micromorph faunas geologic record
Origin mid cretaceous black shales benue trough nigeria
Origin migrating myo electric complex sheep
Origin miliolite rocks kutch india micro faunal evidences
Origin mink cytopathic focus forming viruses comparison ecotropic xenotropic murine leukemia virus genomes
Origin minor constituents commercial oleic acid
Origin of mitochondrial enzymes part 5 the poly peptide character and the biosynthesis of rat liver cytochrome c oxidase poly peptides by mitochondria
Origin mitochondrial rna animal tissues part 4 post transcriptional rna poly ribosome structure extracted mitochondria
Origin of mitotic cells of the chorionic villi in direct chromosome analysis
Origin monoaminergic innervation nucleus raphe magnus combined monoamine histochemistry fluorescent retrograde tracing study rat
Origin multi nucleated giant cells long term diffusion chamber cultures
Origin multi peak behavior nmr spectra poly glutamic acid
Origin multiple primary colon carcinomas retrospective flow cytometric study
Origin multiple species yeast enolase iso electric focusing
Origin myelinated nerves rat iris
Origin myo fibroblasts avascular capsule free floating intra peritoneal blood clots
Origin myoblasts involved structure flight muscles butterfly pieris brassicae
Origin myotome cells chick embryo studied tritiated thymidine autoradiography acetylcholinesterase histochemistry
Origin 2 cat electrocochleogram
Origin nitrosomorpholine contamination margarine
Origin nadh nitrate reduction wheat triticum aestivum variety bindawarra roots
Origin necklace particles thymic ciliating cells
Origin of neoplastic cells following prophylaxis of radiation induced mouse leukemia
Origin neurologic affections attended department neurology 1981 comparative study regard 1980
Origin of new mutations in duchenne muscular dystrophy
Origin woody tissue formed ring graft bark apple
Origin nicotiana tabacum detected primary formation fraction protein
Origin nitrogen atoms pyrimidine moiety thiamin
Origin nitrogen biosynthesis solanidine veratrum grandiflorum
Origin of noncoding dna sequences molecular fossils of genome evolution
Origin nondisjunction trisomy 21 syndrome investigations compiled parental age examination international comparisons
Origin nonessential brain fatty acids situ biosynthesis exogenous source effect nutrition
Origin nonlinearity voltage current relationships turtle cones
Origin notches csf optical neural
Origin of nuclear aberrations and seed shriveling in triticale a reevaluation of the role of c hetero chromatin
Origin nuclear bodies
Origin of observed changes in nitrogen 14 hyper fine interaction accompanying r to t transition in nitrosyl hemo globin
Origin ocular pulse
Origin olfacto gustatory alliesthesia intestinal sensitivity carbohydrate concentration
Origin optical purity function physical asymmetry
Origin oral cavity staphylococci
Origin organisms infecting ventricular shunts
Origin of orientation selective epsps in simple cells of cat visual cortex
Origin oxygen atoms cantharidin biosynthesized beetles
Origin peptide fibers inferior mesenteric ganglion guinea swine immuno histochemical investigations anti sera agent enkephalin vasoactive intestinal poly peptide cholecystokinin bombesin
Origin pericarp layers solanum melongena
Origin periodic acid schiff reactive glycoprotein human eccrine sweat
Origin peripheral blood macrophages bursa cell reconstituted chickens additional proof major histo compatibility complex restricted interactions lymphocytes
Origin peripheral venous hyper somatostatinemia alloxan diabetic dogs
Origin peritoneal fluid women ovarian exudation product
Origin permanently altered epithelial cells vagina neo natally estrogen treated mice
Origin phagocytes the nervous scheme
Origin phenotypic variation clones sv 40 transformed mouse embryo cells
Origin phosphatidyl choline tracheal lavage fluid
Origin of phospho lipid in bacterio phage pm 2 pseudomonas bal 31 phosphatidyl ethanolamine
Origin phytophthora cinnamomi proof indigenous fungus americas
Origin planting material effect fast propagation technique cassava manihot esculenta
Origin plants recovering volcano usuern japan eruptions 1977 1978
Origin plasma androstanediol glucuronide men
Origin plasma lysophosphatidylcholine proof direct hepatic secretion rat
Origin plasma uric acid stimulated levo epinephrine
Origin pollen collected bees diverse seasons smoljan beden regions bulgaria
Origin poly ha ploid plants attained vitro anther culture cyto photometric examination petunia wheat micro spore situ vitro
Origin of polyoma virus associated endo nuclease
Origin populus deltoides salix interior zones point bars minnesota river usa
Origin positive transepithelial potential difference early distal segments rat kidney
Origin prolamines reasons emergence evolution protein complex gramineae seeds
Origin prostaglandin function sympathetic nerve transmission vas deferens
Origin prostaglandins human semen
Origin prostanoids human amniotic fluid fetal kidney source amniotic fluid prostanoids
Origin proteins released barley hordeum vulgare roots osmotic shock
Origin pyrus georgica
Origin quiescence root pole pea embryos
Origin of reciprocal translocations and their effect in clarkia speciosa
Origin of red blood cells in thoracic duct lymph in hepatic cirrhosis
Origin red clay layers interbedded basalts golan heights israel
Origin red clay dolomite loess covered wisconsin usa driftless uplands
Origin red yellow mottling ferric acrisol ofern spain
Origin reductant reduction nitrate nitrite rice wheat leaves vivo
Origin renal arteries aorta
Origin of reovirus oligo adenylic acid
Origin replacement cells anterior cruciate ligament autograft
Origin of replication from xenopus laevis mitochondrial dna promotes high frequency transformation of yeast
Origin of replication in chloroplast dna of euglena gracilis located close to the region of variable size
Origin of replication in episomal bovine papilloma virus type 1 dna isolated from transformed cells
Origin of replication of colicin e 1 plasmid dna
Origin of replication of escherichia coli plasmid rsf 1030
Origin of replication of pbr 345 plasmid dna
Origin of replication of the dna of a herpesvirus pseudorabies
Origin of replication ori c of the escherichia coli chromosome on specialized transducing phages lambda asn
Origin of replication oric of the escherichia coli chromosome mapping of genes relative to r eco r i cleavage sites in the oric region
Origin of reproductive isolation in the absence of apparent genic differentiation in a geographic isolate of drosophila pseudoobscura
Origin rugosa taxonomic rank
Origin salivary hepatitis surface antigen
Origin satellite cells avian skeletal muscles
Origin schwagerina
Origin sclerotia cells submerged claviceps purpurea producing clavine alkaloids
Origin seed plants aneurophyte seed fern link elaborated
Origin seizures elderly patients
Origin septal trh rat
Origin serotonin innervation arcuate ventromedial hypothalamic area
Origin serum alkaline phosphatase ec 3.1.3.1 dog
Origin serum estradiol post menopausal women
Origin serum progestins poly cystic ovarian disease
Origin sex
Origin short circuit current frog skin steady state
Origin short latency somatosensory evoked potential cats potentials derived thalamus cortex
Origin of signals conveyed by the ventral spino cerebellar tract and spino reticulo cerebellar pathway
Origin silt sesqui oxide coatings sand grains podzolic soils ofern ontario canada
Origin of simple glial epiretinal membranes in an animal model
Origin slow conformer conversion triostin interaction ability nucleic acid bases
Origin slow negative potential direct cortical answer cat
Origin slow waves canine colon
Origin of small beta lactamase specifying plasmids in haemophilus species and neisseria gonorrhoeae
Origin primary afferent agent immunoreactive nerve fibers guinea swine heart
Origin of small rna in von magnus particles of influenza virus
Origin sodium ions appearing venous blood plasma acute venous congestion hemorrhagic hypotension study kidneys skeletal muscle dogs
Origin soil materials foothill soils willamette valley oregon usa
Origin somato sensory evoked responses recorded cervical skin surface
Origin song traditions redwing turdus iliacus proof field investigations
Origin special elicitors chlorosis necrosis occurring inter cellular fluids compatible interactions cladosporium fulvum synonym fulvia fulva tomato
Origin spinal arteriovenous malformation normal cord vasculature usual segmental artery angiographic therapeutic considerations
Origin spleen colonies generated friend virus infested cells mice
Origin splice junction phosphate transfer rna processed hela cell extract
Origin stromal mechanocytes bone marrow diagnosis iso antigens chromosome markers
Origin structural differences nitrosyl heme iron complexes formed animal tissues vivo vitro
Origin of structural domains of the serum albumin gene family and a predicted structure of the gene for vitamin d binding protein
Origin subaerial holocene calcareous crusts function algae fungi sparmicritisation
Origin of symmetrical tri radial chromosomes in human cells
Origin sympathetic sensory innervation elbow joint rat retrograde axonal tracing study wheat germ agglutinin conjugated horseradish peroxidase
Origin sympathetic efferent axons renal nerves cat
Origin synovial type cells inflammation experimental advance
Origin lymphocyte colony forming cells cell populations depleted sheep erythrocyte rosette forming cells
Origin lymphocytes human mixed hematopoietic colonies
Origin taurine developing rat brain
Origin of teratomas and twins
Origin terebratulids superfamily loboidothyroidea brachiopoda
Origin of the 3rd heart sound 1. studies in dogs
Origin of the 3rd heart sound 2. studies in human subjects
Origin heart sound comparison ventricular wall dynamics hyperdynamic hypodynamic types
Origin heart sound
Origin acetyl moiety acetyl choline rat striatal synaptosomes special pyruvate dehydrogenase involved acetyl choline synthesis
Origin acetyl moiety acetyl choline synthesized rat striatal synaptosomes
Origin chromosome downs syndrome study 20 families
Origin adenohypophyseal vessels rat
Origin of the afferent connections to the parolfactory lobe in quail shown by retrograde labeling with a fluorescent neuron tracer
Origin alkaline phosphatases amniotic fluid
Origin ammonia protein free extracts rat liver mitochondria rat hepatocytes
Origin antibody dependent cyto poisonous cell man
Origin arachidonic acid released post mortem rat fore brain
Origin asymmetry bio molecules weak interaction
Origin of the atrial electrogram recorded from the esophagus
Origin of the atriopeptin like immunoreactive innervation of the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus
Origin autoreactive anti type ii collagen answer i. frequency special multispecific cells primed murine lymph nodes
Origin strains rabbits
Origin background sodium current effects sodium removal cultured embryonic cardiac cells
Origin basal systolic murmurs mitral stenosis study intra cardiac phono cardiography
Origin of the beta s globin gene in blacks the contribution of recurrent mutation of gene conversion or both
Origin bi carbonate stimulation torpedo californica electric organ synaptic vesicle atpase
Origin calvaria sutures
Origin capsule chronic subdural hematoma electron microscopic study
Origin cephalopoda
Origin cholecystokinin fibers rat caudato putamen
Origin climbing fibers activated glossopharyngeal nerve stimulation frog
Origin cochlear nerve effect potential recorded bony wall cochlea
Origin compactness alluvial soils dniester delta ussr
Origin connective tissue scar transected rat spinal cord
Origin corsican mouflon paleontologic perspective origin feralization
Origin creosote bush larrea deserts ofwestern america
Origin current vegetation ofeastern corsica france pollen examination 5 coastal marshes
Origin of the cystid epidermis during the metamorphosis of 3 species of gymnolaemate bryozoans
Origin cytochrome uptake red shift ph dependent interaction heme formyl protein cytochrome oxidase
Origin decline pancreatic amylase ec 3.2.1.1 secretion time vitro
Origin dermal exoskeleton clarification bio mechanical conditions fossil scale armor
Origin desmoplasia desmoplastic malignant melanoma
Origin direct hippocampus anterior thalamic bundle rat combined horseradish peroxidase golgi examination
Origin dorsal surface neural tube progressive delamination epidermal ectoderm neuroepithelium implications neurulation neural tube defects
Origin doublet wave number 1360 1340 raman spectra tryptophan similar compounds
Origin early medical forms cerebral circulation deficiency effectiveness differently aimed therapeutic measures
Origin early components somatosensory evoked potentials posterior tibial nerve stimulation comparative study median nerve stimulation medical cases
Origin early digestive disturbances stimulated haemonchus contortus infection lambs
Origin early megakaryopoietic progenitor cell additional poly ploidization thrombopoietic cell series phase contrast notes human bone marrow
Origin influence earthworms availability phosphorus phosphate rock
Origin effects citrate tartrate acetate phosphate sorption soils synthetic gels
Origin electrogenic response chloroplast cytochrome complex
Origin electroretinogram intact macaque eye principal constituent examination
Origin electroretinogram intact macaque eye current source density examination
Origin of the enhanced activity of lysosomal beta galactosidase in serum and skin in progressive systemic sclerosis
Origin of the enz thymidine kinase induced by polyoma virus in productively infected cells 3t3 mouse cells 5 bromodeoxy uridine resistant cells
Origin enzymatically active 1 fragment cholera toxin
Origin exceptional color stability zebrina pendula antho cyanin
Origin expiratory inhibition nucleus tractus solitarius inspiratory neurons
Origin extra chromosome 21 down's syndrome relation meiotic stages parental age
Origin extra chromosome trisomy 16
Origin of the extra chromosome in trisomy 18 a study on five patients using a restriction fragment length polymorphism
Origin of the extra chromosome in trisomy 21
Origin extra chromosome 21 downs syndrome
Origin rapid oscillation electroretinogram macaque
Origin fornix scheme squirrel monkey
Origin fourth constituent complement similar chido rodgers blood group antigens
Origin of the gametophyte genes in self compatible plant species maize m
Origin gamma polypeptide sodium potassium atpase
Origin of the genetic code a testable hypothesis based on transfer rna structure sequence and kinetic proofreading
Origin genic diversity cultivated rice oryza spp polymorphism scored 40 isozyme loci
Origin genome coding activation iso electric ph 4 isozyme acid phosphatase germinating seeds wheat species
Origin genus dreissena bivalvia
Origin giant forest hog hylochoerus meinertzhageni suidae mammalia
Origin of the glomerular basement membrane visualized after in vivo labeling of laminin in newborn rat kidneys
Origin grampians shining peppermint subspecies eucalyptus willisii
Origin grayson micromorph fauna upper cretaceous of texas usa
Origin guinea swine cochlear effect potential produced click
Origin of the heavy and light protomers of androgen binding protein from the rat testis
Origin hemagglutinin gene h3n2 influenza viruses pigs china
Origin of the heterogeneity of cell wall o poly saccharides from salmonella zuerich
Origin heterogeneity peroxidase iso enzyme group 1 nicotiana tabacum conformation
Origin of the high molecular weight activator of pre kallikrein
Origin horse ass in africa
Origin human l1 elements proposed progenitor genes deduced consensus dna sequence
Origin human parathyroid glands
Origin of the humoral factor responsible for compensatory renal hypertrophy
Origin hymenophore establishment major tissue domains fruitbody progress coprinus cinereus
Origin hypotensive sympatho inhibitory influence morphinomimetic agents
Origin increased activity beta glucuronidase soluble fraction rat mammary tumors ovariectomy stimulated regression
Origin initial negative potential n15 recorded skull superficial radial nerve stimulation cat
Origin cell mass mouse embryos cell lineage examination microinjection
Origin insect wing wing articulation arthropodan leg
Origin of the intermediates detected in the folding of swine pepsinogen
Origin iris striated muscle birds
Origin labile sulfide iron sulfur proteins escherichia coli
Origin lagoon biomass clipperton atoll pacific
Origin larval fat body newly emerged adult blow fly protophormia terraenovae diptera calliphoridae
Origin latency phase effect phospho lipase 2 unmodified phosphatidyl choline vesicles
Origin of the left anterior descending coronary artery from the pulmonary artery an unusual cause of angina in a middle aged woman
Origin left subclavian artery arterial duct fetal life man
Origin lepidoptera description mid triassic species observations origin butterfly stem
Origin of the light peak in vitro study of gekko gecko
Origin ph values proximal duodenum sheep
Origin mammalian feeding complex models mechanisms
Origin of the marker chromosomes in an established hypo tri ploid glioma cell line studied with g band technique
Origin medulloblastoma artificially stimulated human polyomavirus jc
Origin of the membrane potential in plasmodial droplets of physarum polycephalum
Origin of the messenger rna stoichiometry of the puf operon in rhodobacter sphaeroides
Origin mineral concretions midgut cells parasitic copepods microanalytic ultrastructural study
Origin of the minor glyco proteins of murine leukemia viruses
Origin of the mitotic spindle in onion allium cepa root cells
Origin modulation vestibulo spinal neuron activity scratching
Origin multi nucleate decidual cell mouse
Origin of the multiple components of human alpha 1 anti trypsin
Origin multiple forms alcohol dehydrogenase ec 1.1.1.1 drosophila melanogaster
Origin myogenic cell adult striated muscle mammals review theory
Origin negative shift wave reduction potentials aromatic polynuclear quinones increasing conjugation
Origin nematode fauna issyk kul lake kirgiz ssr ussr
Origin neo cortically monitored theta rhythm curarized rat
Origin of the nerve endings in the surface zone of the median eminence of the rat hypothalamus
Origin neuropeptide innervation rat retrohippocampal area
Origin hebridean avi fauna
Origin zealand mountain flora reference trans tasman relationships
Origin zealand sockeye salmon oncorhynchus nerka
Origin oka flora russian sfsr ussr bio geocenology
Origin oscillatory potentials primate retina
Origin oxygen atoms lactone bridge 19 carbon gibberellins
Origin oxygen products enzymatic cleavage response linoleic acid 1 octen 3 ol 10 oxo trans 8 decenoic acid mushrooms psalliota bispora
Origin paraffin hydro carbons sardine reference background degree petroleum pollution fishes
Origin parallel fibers cerebellar crest overlying intermediate nucleus elasmobranch hind brain
Origin parasympathetic preganglionic fibers distal colon rabbit demonstrated horseradish peroxidase technique
Origin peritrophic membrane adult apis mellifera hymenoptera apidae
Origin of the ph dependence of the midpoint reduction potential in clostridium pasteurianum ferredoxin oxidation state dependent hydrogen ion association
Origin ph dependent cation exchange capacities irish soil clays
Origin phosphate ligation junction produced splicing tetrahymena thermophila pre ribosomal rna
Origin phospho lipids lipid virus replicates escherichia coli bacterio phage pr 4
Origin phrenic nerve cat
Origin pleistocene key largo limestone florida keys usa
Origin poly saccharide constituent ooze plants infested erwinia amylovora
Origin of the polyoma virus associated endo nuclease
Origin post triassic stenolaemata bryozoa taxonomic oversight
Origin pteridophyte flora bahamas caicos turks islands
Origin pyramidal tract determined horseradish peroxidase
Origin quiescent center zea mays
Origin radio tolerant precursor cells responsible initial phase thymic regeneration irradiation
Origin rat mesangial phagocyte expression leukocyte usual antigen
Origin retina sides embryonic brain contribution problem crossing optic chiasma
Origin retrocorneal membrane rabbit
Origin rhizoid protonemal cell germination spores drymoglossum platycerium pyrrosia polypodiaceae
Origin ribityl side chain riboflavine ribose moiety gtp pichia guilliermondii yeast
Origin of the right pulmonary artery from the ascending aorta
Origin vertebral artery usual carotid artery angiographic demonstration 3 cases
Origin rubro spinal tract neo natal developing mature rats
Origin sac shaped walls observed cultures entamoeba invadens process encystment
Origin scapular pelvic girdles bird embryo
Origin secondary answer stimulated flash stimulation barbiturate anesthesia rabbit
Origin selectivity alpha di carbonyl reagents arginyl residues anion binding sites
Origin short circuit decay profile maintenance cation transport capacity larval lepidopteran mid gut vitro vivo
Origin sino atrial node atrio ventricular node arteries mixed left inferior emphasis systems
Origin soft shelled turtle
Origin of the specific h reflex facilitation preceding a voluntary movement in man
Origin spike discharges observed muscles dystrophic chickens
Origin stimulation food intake oral administration enkephalinase inhibitors sheep
Origin subocular fossil actinopterygii
Origin surface tropical water coral sea tasman sea
Origin scheme animal group behavior
Origin wave electro cardiogram
Origin of the tem beta lactamase gene found on plasmids
Origin trans callosal potential components motor cortex
Origin transforming genes avian defective leukemia retroviruses
Origin of the translocated segment of the 14q plus marker in non burkitt lymphomas
Origin uncus luschkas joint cervical spine
Origin of the v variegated allele in nicotiana d basic genetics and frequency
Origin of the vaccinia virus hem agglutinin
Origin of the vitamin k dependent bone protein found in plasma and its clearance by kidney and bone
Origin thermal adaptations inern vs.ern populations uni sexual hybrid fish
Origin tissue basophils basophilic blood granulocytes
Origin trace fossils polish carpathian flysch
Origin transcortin chick embryo
Origin of transcription of a mouse immuno globulin light chain gene
Origin of transfer of inc f plasmids and nucleotide sequences of the type ii ori t tra m and tra y alleles from col b 4 k 98 and the type iv tra y allele from r 100 1
Origin translation theory permanently attached adapters
Origin transmitters released electrical stimulation metabolically active vesicular pool cholinergic synapses guinea swine cerebral cortex
Origin transport inhibition omission serosal sodium
Origin tri ploidy tetra ploidy man 11 cases chromosome markers
Origin triose phosphate isomerase ec 5.3.1.1 isozymes humans genetic proof expression single structural locus
Origin tripsacum andersonii gramineae
Origin of trisomies in human spontaneous abortions
Origin triticum macha wheat
Origin true intranuclear inclusions soleplate area rat skeletal muscle fibers chronic daily administration neostigmine
Origin tryptophan fructose 1 6 bis phosphatas